What is Bydureon (Exenatide)?
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Bydureon is a type of drug known as GLP-1 receptor agonist. It is an extended release formulation of exenatide, a synthetic peptide amide made of 39 amino acids. This medication is used as a combination therapy with diet and exercise to help control blood sugar levels.
What is it used for?
Medically, Bydureon is used as an adjunctive treatment in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for better glycemic control. For optimal treatment outcomes, Bydureon should be used in conjunction with exercise and diet. Keep in mind that Bydureon does not replace insulin injections. It is not suitable for use in patients who have diabetic ketoacidosis or type I diabetes mellitus.
How to take this medication
Your doctor will show you how to use this medication. Ensure to follow your doctor’s instructions. Bydureon should be administered immediately into the upper arm, thigh, or abdomen area. Patients are advised to rotate between injection sites. When used in combination with an insulin injection, Bydureon should be injected separately. Bydureon and insulin should not be mixed into a single solution. While insulin and Bydureon can be administered into the same body area, the injection sites shouldn’t be adjacent to each other. Bydureon should not be administered via intravenous or intramuscular injections.
In the case of a missed dose, use Bydureon as soon as possible (provided the next dose is due at least three days later). Then, resume the normal dosing schedule (once weekly). If patients miss a dose and the next regular dose is due one or two days later, they should skip the missed dose and use the next dose like they normally would. Do not stop using this medication unless instructed to by a medical professional, even if you feel better.
How does Exenatide work?
Bydureon contains exenatide as its medical ingredient. The sequence of amino acids in exenatide closely resembles that of human glucagon-like peptide-1. Exenatide attaches to human GLP-1 receptor in vitro, thereby activating them. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a type of incretin that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion. It also exhibits other anti-hyperglycemic actions after being released from the gut into the circulation. Functioning as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, Bydureon helps slow gastric emptying while enhancing glucose-dependent insulin release by the pancreatic beta cells. At the same time, it exerts a suppressive action on excessive glucagon secretion. It is believed the mechanism of action of Bydureon involves cyclic AMP (cAMP) and several other intracellular signaling pathways.
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Dosage
It is recommended to inject 2mg of Bydureon subcutaneously once every week. Bydureon can be used with or without meals at any time of day. If needed, the day of weekly injection can be changed (as long as the previous dose was injected at least three days before the new day of injection).
Bydureon Side effects
- Nausea and vomiting, constipation and diarrhea
- Indigestion
- Itching
- Small bumps at the site of injection
This is not an exhaustive list of all the possible side effects of Bydureon. Some patients may experience side effects other than the ones listed in this section.
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